The foundations of the statea social and political unit featuring a central government, extreme contrasts of wealth, and social classesemerged
A. in the alluvial desert plain of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, where a new economy based on irrigation and trade fueled the growth of this entirely new form of society.
B. out of an attempt to copy, on a larger scale, the lifestyle that early sedentism offered its members prior to the sudden population growth caused by food production.
C. in the hilly flanks, because that was the area that could best sustain a growing population.
D. at the intersection of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, where the abundance of water helped keep a complex irrigation system working.
E. against the will of the people, who correctly foresaw the many ills this new form of society would bring upon them.
Question 2
Which of the following conditions did NOT contribute to the development of food production in the Middle East?
A. the shift to a broad-spectrum subsistence pattern at the end of the Upper Paleolithic
B. the availability of annual grasses with edible grains
C. the diffusion of domesticated animal species from southern Europe
D. population increase, leading people to try planting grasses in new ecological niches
E. favorable changes in cultivated grains through artificial selection
Gecarcinus quadratus, a land crab from Central and South America
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Social Development
Predators adapt to extreme water pressure and the absence of light
Social Capability versus GDP per Capita in 1960