This topic contains a solution. Click here to go to the answer

Author Question: The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 prohibits the placement of status ... (Read 100 times)

meagbuch

  • Hero Member
  • *****
  • Posts: 568
The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 prohibits the placement of status offenders in secure detention facilities. This practice is known as:
 
  a. preventive detention
  b. nonintervention
  c. home detention
  d. deinstitutionalizat ion

Question 2

Describe the two major factors related to disparity and sentencing. Why are these factors important?
 
  What will be an ideal response?



Related Topics

Need homework help now?

Ask unlimited questions for free

Ask a Question
Marked as best answer by a Subject Expert

kardosa007

  • Sr. Member
  • ****
  • Posts: 300
Answer to Question 1

d

Answer to Question 2

The most commonly cited types of sentencing disparity involve geography (variations across jurisdictions) and judicial backgrounds and attitudes (variations among judges within the same jurisdiction). Significant variations in the sentencing patterns of judges in different judicial districts within the same political jurisdiction is referred to as the geography of justice or community effects (Fearn, 2005). The frequency of fines, probation, or imprisonment varies from county to county. Urban courts, for example, make greater use of probation and shorter prison terms than their rural counterparts (Austin, 1981; Ulmer & Johnson, 2004). Capital sentences provide another example, as executions are concentrated in certain regions (primarily the South). Geographic sentencing patterns demonstrate that court officials, drawn as they are from the local communities, vary in their views of what offenses are the most serious as well as what penalty is appropriate (Myers & Talarico, 1986b; Myers & Reid, 1995). These geographic differences also extend to the federal courts, where the applications of the federal sentencing guidelines vary (Johnson, Ulmer & Kramer, 2008; Tiede, 2009; Lynch & Omari, 2014). Sentencing disparities among judges have fascinated social scientists for decades. A classic study female shoplifting defendants placed on probation ranged from a low of 10 percent for one judge to a high of 62 percent for another in the same Chicago courthouse (Cameron, 1964). Similarly, downward departures in federal sentencing for certain types of offenders are routine in some districts and rare in others (Johnson, Ulmer & Kramer, 2008). Although such sentencing disparities are due, in part, to variations in the seriousness of the cases heard, differences in judges' backgrounds and attitudes are major contributing factors. Judges come to the bench from a variety of backgrounds. Variations in judges' backgrounds are associated with different perceptions of what crimes are serious as well as the relative weights to be assigned to conflicting sentencing goals. For example, judges who stress deterrence are more likely to favor prison sentences, while judges who are more treatment-oriented are more likely to impose suspended sentences or relatively short jail sentences (Hogarth, 1971). It is an accepted fact that judges have different sentencing tendencies. Some have reputations for handing out stiff sentences. Others are known for lenient sentences. The sentences of most judges fall somewhere in between these extremes (Partridge & Eldridge, 1974). In jurisdictions that use sentencing guidelines, differences between judges are even less pronounced. Overall variations between judges appear to have only a weak effect on sentencing outcomes (Steffensmeier & Hebert, 1999).




meagbuch

  • Member
  • Posts: 568
Reply 2 on: Aug 12, 2018
YES! Correct, THANKS for helping me on my review


chereeb

  • Member
  • Posts: 326
Reply 3 on: Yesterday
:D TYSM

 

Did you know?

Many people have small pouches in their colons that bulge outward through weak spots. Each pouch is called a diverticulum. About 10% of Americans older than age 40 years have diverticulosis, which, when the pouches become infected or inflamed, is called diverticulitis. The main cause of diverticular disease is a low-fiber diet.

Did you know?

Barbituric acid, the base material of barbiturates, was first synthesized in 1863 by Adolph von Bayer. His company later went on to synthesize aspirin for the first time, and Bayer aspirin is still a popular brand today.

Did you know?

Liver spots have nothing whatsoever to do with the liver. They are a type of freckles commonly seen in older adults who have been out in the sun without sufficient sunscreen.

Did you know?

Patients should never assume they are being given the appropriate drugs. They should make sure they know which drugs are being prescribed, and always double-check that the drugs received match the prescription.

Did you know?

Limit intake of red meat and dairy products made with whole milk. Choose skim milk, low-fat or fat-free dairy products. Limit fried food. Use healthy oils when cooking.

For a complete list of videos, visit our video library