Answer to Question 1
d
Answer to Question 2
Relative deprivation: Condition that exists when people of wealth and poverty live in close proximity to one another. The relatively deprived are apt to have feelings of anger and hostility, which may produce criminal behavior.
Gentrification: The process of transforming a lower-class area into a middle-class enclave through property rehabilitation.
Community fear: Disorganized neighborhoods suffer social incivility . As fear increases, quality of life deteriorates.
Poverty concentration: Area poverty becomes concentrated as the more fortunate families flee to suburbia. As the working and middle classes move out to the suburbs, they take with them their financial and institutional resources and support, undermining informal social control and reducing the inner city's ability to regulate itself. The people left behind have even a tougher time managing with urban decay and conflict or controlling youth gangs and groups.
Collective efficacy: A process in which mutual trust and a willingness to intervene in the supervision of children and help maintain public order create a sense of well-being in a neighborhood and help control antisocial activities.
Normal development of posture and spinal curves. (A) Toddler: Protruding abdomen; lumbar lordosis. (
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