Answer to Question 1
Evidence also exists that inconsistent supervision can promote delinquency. Early research by Nye found that mothers who threatened discipline but failed to carry it out were more likely to have delinquent children than those who were consistent in their discipline.
Nye's early efforts have been supported by research showing a strong association between ineffective or negligent supervision and a child's involvement in delinquency.
The data show that youths who believe their parents care little about their activities are more likely to engage in criminal acts than those who believe their actions will be closely monitored.
Kids who are not closely supervised spend more time out in the community with their friends and are more likely to get into trouble. Poorly supervised kids may be more prone to acting impulsively and are therefore less able to employ self-control to restrain their activities.
Children who are properly supervised, especially in disorganized areas, are less likely to succumb to the temptations of the streets. In contrast, children who appear to be at risk are better able to resist involvement in delinquent activity when they report that they can communicate with parents.
The ability of a family to provide parental supervision seems even more important for children growing up in poor neighborhoods with fewer social ties among adults. In these areas parents cannot call upon neighborhood resources to take up the burden of controlling children; there is, therefore, a greater burden placed on families to provide adequate supervision.
Student views will vary.
Answer to Question 2
TRUE
Adult European beewolf (Philanthus triangulum) feeding on nectar
The Placebo Effect
Habituation to the Aversive Effect of the Odor of Pups
Thorndike’s Puzzle Box and the Law of Effect (1 of 2)
Effect of “Moral Restraint” in the Malthusian Model
Stem-lengthening effect of gibberellins.