Author Question: Target hardening refers to making potential objectives of criminals more difficult to obtain. a. ... (Read 38 times)

Metfan725 · **on:** Aug 13, 2018

Target hardening refers to making potential objectives of criminals more difficult to obtain.

a. True
b. False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Question 2

Discuss Becker's Fourfold Model of Labeling as presented in the text. Explain why you agree or disagree with Becker's theory.

What will be an ideal response?

robbielu01 · **Reply #1 on:** Aug 13, 2018

Answer to Question 1

TRUE

Answer to Question 2

Youth who engage in delinquency and also get caught and labeled are called pure deviants.
Conformists are both rule-abiding and free of negative labels.
Some youth are falsely accused or blamed for something they did not do, while others who continually break rules are able to avoid labeling; these are called secret deviants.
Pure deviants are the youths most likely to repeat their antisocial activities, while conformists are the ones most likely to stay straight and never engage in antisocial behaviors.
If labeling theory is valid, then the falsely accused will be more likely to become secondary deviants (i.e., chronic offenders) than the secret deviants.
While the latter may be more troubled, because they have escaped the labeling process they are not affected by negative stigma.
According to social reaction theory, negative labels, even false ones, are the critical element that create secondary deviance and result in a delinquent career.
Student views will vary.