Answer to Question 1
Answer: There are several examples in the textbook from which the students may draw. One example is the Narusyte, et al (2007) study which found that childhood aggression is related to parental criticism that was, in turn, related to self-reported antisocial behavior in adolescence. They suggested that this was an example of genotype-environment correlation since children at risk for antisocial behavior are more aggressive than children not at risk for this behavior and are, at the same time and as a result of their behavior, more likely to elicit negative reactions from caregivers.
Answer to Question 2
Answer: In a genotype-environment correlation, an individuals genotype affects the type of environment in which they find themselves. All of us, to certain degree, construct our own environments both in reality and in our memory of those environments. In an active-genotype-environment correlation parents or grandparents have provided both the genes and the environment. When that environment is favorable for the development of a given characteristic, derived in part from genes that also encourage the characteristic, then it is termed a positive genotype-environment correlation. If the conditions work against the genes for a given characteristic it is termed a negative genotype-environment correlation.
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