Answer to Question 1
In general the use of force must be reasonable. For the use of non-deadly force,
departmental rules generally have the greatest impact. Commonly, departments
require that the amount of force used is that which is necessary to secure the arrest
and detention of suspects. The use of grabs, holds, or joint locks to restrain an
individual is an example. The use of deadly force is governed by Tennessee v.
Garner, in which the Court held that deadly force may be used when the officer has
probable cause to believe that the suspect poses a threat of serious physical harm,
either to the officer or to others. An example is an officer firing at a suspect who
has just fired at civilians in a jewelry store.
Answer to Question 2
Roadblocks to control the flow of illegal aliens are less intrusive than stationhouse
detention, because they are temporary stops on public highways. The length of the
stop for a roadblock is usually just a few minutes, whereas a stationhouse detention
can last more than an hour. At roadblocks, you may not even need to exit your
vehicle, whereas a stationhouse detention involves you traveling to the police station.
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