Is when an officer actively demands payment from an individual or ...

[tfester]

is when an officer actively demands payment from an individual or a business in return for certain services.
 
  a. Gleaning
  b. Mooching
  c. A payoff
  d. A shakedown

Question 2

Compare and contrast the Pennsylvania and the New York penitentiary theories. The Pennsylvania system operated under the concept of separate confinement
 
  What will be an ideal response?

[jasonq]

Answer to Question 1

c

Answer to Question 2

o where inmates were kept separate from one another at all times, with daily activities taking place in individual cells.
The only contact inmates had with other human beings was during the visit
o from a clergyman or a prison administrator.
The New York system operated the congregate system where inmates were
o kept in separate cells during the night but worked together in the daytime under a code of enforced silence.

[tfester]

TYSM

[kilada]

Thanks for the timely response, appreciate it