Answer to Question 1
After probable cause has been determined, a warrant must specifically articulate the person(s), place(s), and object(s) to be seized and be accompanied by an affidavit. The preparation and execution of warrants cannot go beyond the four corners of the application and affidavit. This four corners rule means (1) that judges may not seek probable cause beyond the information contained within the four corners of the supporting affidavit and (2) that law enforcement officers cannot go beyond the four corners of the warrant itself. Magistrates must make their determinations by weighing the individual right to privacy against society's right to gather evidence of criminal behavior. To provide some guidance, the Supreme Court has consistently evaluated standards of probable cause.Magistrates must also consider and establish parameters for the age of information, vicinity of criminal activity, and the particularity and the breadth of the proposed search.
Answer to Question 2
Frank Serpico believed that the solution to police corruption is the following: (1) stricter supervision and accountability, (2) better pay for street cops, (3) mandatory and regular psychological evaluations, and (4) support for officers who report wrongdoing.
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How can we apply the categorical imperative to environmental issues?
Physical Geography and Environmental Issues
Physical Geography and Environmental Issues
Environmental Issues