Answer to Question 1
Broadly, the purpose of CBP is to prevent harmful individuals and substances from entering the Unites States. This includes terrorists, criminals, illegal immigrants and drugs, weapons, and other contraband, as well as harmful pests and diseases. A major CBP responsibility is regulating international trade, collecting import duties, enforcing trade laws, and protecting U.S. businesses from counterfeit goods and the theft of intellectual property, such as software. CBP also works to prevent and intercept the illegal export of U.S. currency and other monetary instruments, stolen goods, and strategically sensitive technologies, such as advanced radar. CBP has responsibility for approximately 5,000 miles of border with Canada, 1,900 miles with Mexico, and 95,000 miles of shoreline. Watching for illegal land crossings is not sufficient: On average, CBP discovers seven tunnels a year, some of which stretch from Mexico 2,000 feet across the border into residences and warehouses. Some tunnels are sophisticated, with electricity, ventilation, and rail systems, and they may connect to other tunnels.
CBP began as a legal entity on March 1, 2003 . The original USCS was created in 1789 by the First Congress and is the oldest federal agency. The U.S. was on the brink of bankruptcy and within six days of becoming operational it began collecting duties from imported cargo. Within the first year USCS collected approximately 2 million in duties and taxes.
Answer to Question 2
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