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In 1886, William Bates reported on the discovery of a substance produced by the adrenal gland that turned out to be epinephrine (adrenaline). In 1904, this drug was first artificially synthesized by Friedrich Stolz.
A serious new warning has been established for pregnant women against taking ACE inhibitors during pregnancy. In the study, the risk of major birth defects in children whose mothers took ACE inhibitors during the first trimester was nearly three times higher than in children whose mothers didn't take ACE inhibitors. Physicians can prescribe alternative medications for pregnant women who have symptoms of high blood pressure.
The lipid bilayer is made of phospholipids. They are arranged in a double layer because one of their ends is attracted to water while the other is repelled by water.
Side effects from substance abuse include nausea, dehydration, reduced productivitiy, and dependence. Though these effects usually worsen over time, the constant need for the substance often overcomes rational thinking.
There are over 65,000 known species of protozoa. About 10,000 species are parasitic.
![Mutualisms, such as those that occur among plants and pollinators, generally involve large numbers o](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/47/medium_33_17_02_12_5_38_22_1981973.jpeg)
![This engraving by William Russell Birch shows Congress Hall (left), which was occupied by Congress f](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/47/medium_374628_16_08_15_9_52_06_222501221.jpeg)