Answer to Question 1
Answer: Pain stimuli produce a sensory component that involves the primary and secondary somatosensory cortex, and an intermediate emotional component that involves the anterior cingulate and insular cortex. The long-term component of pain that represents the emotional implications of pain is related to activity of the prefrontal cortex. Hypnosis reduces the activity of the anterior cingulate and the unpleasantness of a pain stimulus.
Answer to Question 2
Answer: Auditory neurons are sensitive to the differences in the arrival times of an auditory stimulus (low frequency). A sound that occurs directly in front will arrive at the left and right ears at the same time; a sound that occurs to the left will arrive at the left ear sooner than at the right ear. High frequency sounds may be detected using differences in sound intensity.
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