Answer to Question 1
Answer: Physical stimuli such as light, sound pressure, or chemicals interact with specialized receptors in a sensory organ. These receptive neurons show graded changes in their membrane
potentials in response to the occurrence of a physical stimulus. The transduction process in effect converts physical energy to a change in neuron electrical potential/action potentials.
Answer to Question 2
Answer: The lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus (LGN) is organized into six layers. The inner two layers contain large cells (magnocellular), while the outer four layers are comprised of small cells. The magnocellular layers project to portions of the striate cortex that mediate visual processes other than color (e.g., form, movement, and depth). The parvocellular layers are involved in the perception of color and fine detail.
Cross-section of wrist showing tendons and nerves involved in carpal tunnel syndrome.
Signal transduction pathway initiated by trimeric TNF-alpha
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The healing process of a bone.
Normal tympanic membrane with cone of light and process of malleus
In a metallurgical process the mineral pyrite, FeS2, is roasted in air: FeS2 + O2 Fe2O3 + ...