A father wishes to distribute 19 pieces of candy among his 4 children (Abe, Betty, Cindy, and Dale) based on the number of hours each child spends doing chores around the house. Using a certain apportionment method, he has determined that Abe is to get 9 pieces of candy, Betty is to get 4 pieces, Cindy is to get 3 pieces, and Dale is to get 3 pieces. However, just before he hands out the candy, he discovers that he has 20 pieces (not 19) of candy. When he apportions the 20 pieces of candy using the same apportionment method, Abe ends up with 10 pieces, Betty with 5 pieces, Cindy with 3 pieces, and Dale with 2 pieces. This is an example of
◦ the population paradox.
◦ a violation of the quota rule.
◦ the Alabama paradox.
◦ the new states paradox.
◦ none of these