Answer to Question 1
Answer:
People who are very happy may also become complacent and not strive for a better life or better job. The optimum level of well-being theory postulates that there is an optimal level of happiness where we are able to feel good about ourselves and our lives, but remain optimistic that there is room for improvement as well. However, this is predominantly applicable to achievement tasks (such as work). In interpersonal relationships, even very happy people do not seem to have a negative impact on their relationships, rather their happiness and their relationship quality seem to continue to increase.
Answer to Question 2
Answer:
Adults and children were shown a video of a staged crime. After viewing the video they were asked to choose the criminal out of a lineup. Prior to viewing the lineup participants were randomly assigned to one of two conditions. In one condition they were given unbiased instructions and told that the criminal may or may not be in the lineup. In the second condition, the participants were led to believe that the criminal was present in the lineup. The lineup did not in any condition actually contain the criminal. The participants who were given biased instructions were very likely, 75 of the time, to choose someone as the criminal who in fact was not. Adults were likely to choose someone as the criminal 50 of the time with neutral instructions, while none of the children made this error.
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