Which of the following is a finding that may be confounded with the finding that African Americans consistently score approximately one standard deviation below Caucasian Americans on standardized tests of intelligence?
a. Children from lower socioeconomic classes obtain lower IQ scores than children from the middle and upper classes.
b. Children from the middle socioeconomic classes obtain lower IQ scores than children from the lower and upper classes.
c. African American adults, as well as children, tend to score one standard deviation below Caucasian Americans.
d. Caucasian American adults, as well as children, tend to score one standard deviation above African Americans.
Question 2
Which of the following is a limitation of the naturalistic observation method of data collection?
a. Behavior cannot be adequately measured in a natural setting.
b. The unusual setting often leads to artificial behavior.
c. A multitude of methods are more appropriate for observing the behaviors of children.
d. A lack of experimental control makes the results difficult to interpret.
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