Answer to Question 1
(a) Scholastic achievement has been found to correlate highly with IQ in various studies; scholastic aptitude tests are also reliable predictors of grade averages. But prediction accuracy applies to groups, not to individuals. (b) Occupational success is only partially predictable by IQ scores: IQ does not predict occupational status, nor does it predict overall levels of job performance. (c) Conclusions concerning psychological adjustment are taken mainly from Terman's classic longitudinal study of gifted children. These children tended to be healthier, better adjusted emotionally, and more often in positions of leadership. Such differences continued into adulthood in the forms of better mental health, marital adjustment, and occupational achievement. McClelland noted, however, that the differences might also involve superior family environments independent of IQ and that high IQ does not guarantee good health, happiness, or success. Also, other evidence indicates that mental retardation does not rule out these positive outcomes.
Answer to Question 2
A
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