Answer to Question 1
Main characteristics, goals and behavior of bullies: bullies are aggressive children who believe they can attain higher social status by bullying other children.
They use both prosocial and aggressive strategies to achieve social dominance over other children.
They tend to pick on children who are rejected by other peers, not children who are accepted by other peers.
They tend to view many acts of bullying as morally sound, such as stealing from victims and hurling insults at them.
Outcomes for victims: long-term psychological adjustment problems, including loneliness, anxiety, low self-esteem, and depression.
These outcomes are less severe if the victim has one close friend.
Answer to Question 2
Short-term: a year after the intervention began, children were observed to be less aggressive, had higher grades, had better social and emotional skills, and were rated more positively by peers than controls.
Long-term: reduced the rate of externalizing behavior problems.
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