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Cancer has been around as long as humankind, but only in the second half of the twentieth century did the number of cancer cases explode.
Bacteria have been found alive in a lake buried one half mile under ice in Antarctica.
Historic treatments for rheumatoid arthritis have included gold salts, acupuncture, a diet consisting of apples or rhubarb, nutmeg, nettles, bee venom, bracelets made of copper, prayer, rest, tooth extractions, fasting, honey, vitamins, insulin, snow collected on Christmas, magnets, and electric convulsion therapy.
In the United States, there is a birth every 8 seconds, according to the U.S. Census Bureau's Population Clock.
Disorders that may affect pharmacodynamics include genetic mutations, malnutrition, thyrotoxicosis, myasthenia gravis, Parkinson's disease, and certain forms of insulin-resistant diabetes mellitus.