Answer to Question 1
Answer: Bias-free language avoids words and phrases that unfairly and even unethically categorize or stigmatize people in ways related to gender, race, ethnicity, age, or disability. For example, rather than using female-gender words (e.g., actress or stewardess) use gender neutral words, such as actor or flight attendant.
Answer to Question 2
Answer: Sensitive communicators understand the difference between delivering negative news and being negative. Without hiding the negative news, they look for ways to emphasize positive aspects. When offering criticism or advice, for example, they don't focus on a person's shortcomings; instead, they focus on what he or she can do to improve. In persuasive situations, they help audiences see the benefits of taking specific actions. Finally, they use euphemisms carefully and ethically to soften the impact of negative news and avoid words that carry negative or unpleasant connotations.