Answer to Question 1
Clearly X and Y are independent since P(x,y) = P(x).P(y) for all pairs (x,y).
Answer to Question 2
S = Capital punishment supporter
F = Female
P(S F) = P(S F) P(F) = (0.46 )(0.48 ) = 0.2208
P(F S) = P(F S) / P(S) = 0.2208 / 0.64 = 0.345