Answer to Question 1
Neither of these transfers constitutes a preference. A transaction for present consideration, such as a cash sale, is not subject to being set aside. Further, a payment by a debtor in the ordinary course of business, such as the payment of a utility bill, will not be set aside. Arthur's payment of 17,000 for store inventory is a transaction for present consideration, as well as a payment in the ordinary course of business. Although his payment of the electric bill is arguably payment for something received earlier (electricity), it is, nevertheless, a payment in the ordinary course of business.
Answer to Question 2
D