Where does the nurse expect the obstruction to be in a patient ...

[Capo]

Where does the nurse expect the obstruction to be in a patient with extrahepatic portal hyperten-sion?
 
  a. Sinusoids
  b. Bile ducts
  c. Hepatic portal vein
  d. Hepatic artery

Question 2

Early identification and treatment for metabolic disorders are important because:
 
  a. permanent damage to vital organs can be prevented.
  b. surgery is usually necessary.
  c. cure rates are higher with early detection.
  d. death usually occurs within the first month.

[cpetit11]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: C
Extrahepatic (prehepatic) portal venous obstruction causes extrahepatic portal hypertension in children. Sinusoids can be inflamed but would not lead to hypertension. Obstruction of the bile ducts would lead to interruption in the flow of bile to the duodenum; it would not cause hyper-tension. The obstruction is in the vein, not the artery.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: A
The earliest possible identification of metabolic disorders is essential because early treatment may prevent permanent damage to vital organs, such as the liver or brain. Surgery is not the treatment in most of the metabolic disorders; they are controlled by dietary modifications. A cure is not possible in most disorders. Death does not occur in the first month; dietary control is effective.