Parents of a 20-month-old infant report that he refuses food or ...

[gonzo233]

Parents of a 20-month-old infant report that he refuses food or eats poorly and that he grimaces when he swallows. He also is irritable and cries a lot.
 
  The mother is worried that he ate something inappropriate this morning, because he vomited something that looked like coffee grounds. Which of the following health problems would the care team first suspect?
  A)
  Rotavirus infection
  B)
  Appendicitis
  C)
  Esophagitis from gastrointestinal reflux
  D)
  Hirschsprung disease

Question 2

A 51-year-old woman has been experiencing signs and symptoms of perimenopause and has sought help from her family physician.
 
  A deficiency in estrogen levels has been determined to be a contributing factor. Which of the following phenomena could potentially underlie the woman's health problem?
  A)
  Sufficient synthesis of estrogen but inadequate vesicle-mediated release
  B)
  Inadequate synthesis in the rough endoplasmic reticulum of her ovarian cells
  C)
  Insufficient estrogen production within the smooth endoplasmic reticulum of the relevant cells
  D)
  A lack of prohormone precursors needed for estrogen synthesis and release

[nathang24]

Answer to Question 1

Ans:
C

Feedback:

Esophagitis secondary to reflux can cause feeding problems, early satiety, and hematemesis. Infants may demonstrate signs of pain when swallowing and may be irritable and cry frequently. Rotavirus causes diarrhea and vomiting, but not the other symptoms. Appendicitis is inflammation of the appendix. Appendicitis usually starts with the main symptom of pain around the navel that moves to the lower right abdomen. Hirschsprung disease is a blockage of the large intestine due to improper muscle movement in the bowel. It is a congenital condition, which means it is present from birth. In Hirschsprung disease, the nerves are missing from a part of the bowel. One primary s/s is a failure to pass meconium shortly after birth.

Answer to Question 2

Ans:
C

Feedback:

Steroids such as estrogen are produced in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Synthesis and release are not separate processes as in the case of peptide hormones, and prohormones are associated with peptide, polypeptide, and protein hormones.

[gonzo233]

TYSM

[bulacsom]

Excellent