A nurse in a respiratory unit of a hospital is providing care for ...

[altibaby]

A nurse in a respiratory unit of a hospital is providing care for a client with end-stage lung disease. Consequently, measurement of the client's arterial blood gases indicates increased PCO2.
 
  Which of the following associated consequences would the nurse anticipate?
  A)
  A shift to the left of the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve
  B)
  Lower than normal production of HCO3
  C)
  Higher than normal production of H+
  D)
  An absence of carbaminohemoglobin

Question 2

A premature infant on mechanical ventilation has developed bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and is showing signs and symptoms of hypoxemia, low lung compliance, and respiratory distress.
 
  Which of the following is the most likely contributor to the infant's present health problem?
  A)
  High-inspired oxygen concentration and injury from positive-pressure ventilation
  B)
  Failure to administer corticosteroids to the infant in utero
  C)
  Insufficient surfactant production and insufficient surfactant therapy
  D)
  Insufficient supplemental oxygen therapy

[kxciann]

Answer to Question 1

Ans:
C

Feedback:

As a result of the combination of water and carbon dioxide, hydrogen ions are produced along with bicarbonate. This would be associated with a shift to the right of the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve, increased bicarbonate output, and higher than normal levels of carbaminohemoglobin .

Answer to Question 2

Ans:
A

Feedback:

Despite the administration of corticosteroids in utero to hasten alveolar maturation, premature infants suffering respiratory distress syndrome often must be treated with supplemental oxygen and mechanical ventilation. However, overly forceful positive-pressure ventilation (barotrauma) can lead to the chronic lung impairment of BPD. Surfactant therapy is a first-line defense against the development of RDS and is also used to treat cases of BPD; additional time on a ventilator is often required as well.