The nurse is educating a sexually active female patient about ...

[Yolanda]

The nurse is educating a sexually active female patient about infection prevention. Which change during the premenstrual period increases the patient's risk of infection?
 
  a. Cervical secretions become more alkaline.
  b. The cervical mucous plug becomes more permeable.
  c. Higher estrogen levels increase vaginal lubrication.
  d. Lower antibody levels increase risk for infection.

Question 2

The nurse is caring for a patient who underwent a transfemoral cardiac catheterization with coronary angiography earlier in the day. The patient denies pain and no longer requires bed rest. The groin is soft with no palpable hematoma.
 
  Which postprocedure care is most important for the patient at this time?
  a. Encourage increased fluid intake.
  b. Administer pain medications as ordered.
  c. Obtain vital signs every 15 minutes.
  d. Assist the patient with ambulation.

[Ksh22]

Answer to Question 1

B
The mucous plug in the cervix of women provides protection to the upper genital tract. The hormonal changes make it become more permeable around the menstrual period. This change can result in an increased risk for infections in the upper genital tract, such as pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Oral contraceptives alter cervical secretions and result in a more alkaline en-vironment. Vaginal lubrication does not increase risk of infection, and antibody levels do not lower during the premenstrual period.

Answer to Question 2

A
The procedure uses a large volume of dye, which can be harmful to the kidneys. Increasing fluid intake is the priority focus for care at this time after hemostasis is obtained. Keeping the patient hydrated increases the rate of urine flow, dilutes the urine, and helps prevent kidney damage as the contrast is excreted. The patient denies pain. Vital signs are taken every 15 minutes for the first hour and are checked progressively less frequently unless there is evidence of bleeding or instability. The patient can now ambulate, but ambulation is a lesser priority than flushing out the hypertonic dye.