The nurse is teaching a patient about hemodialysis. How should ...

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The nurse is teaching a patient about hemodialysis. How should the nurse explain this process?
 
  remove waste products as well as correct fluid and electrolyte imbalances.
  2. It allows a choice of either diffusion osmosis or ultrafiltration to remove excess water from the body.
  3. It adds potassium to the blood when passing through the dialyzer and works on the principle of diffusion.
  4. It will add electrolytes and water to the blood when passing through a semipermeable membrane to correct electrolyte imbalances.

Question 2

The nurse administers epoetin alfa (Epogen) to a patient on dialysis. What should the nurse expect the therapeutic effect of this medication to be?
 
  1. It treats the anemia seen in chronic kidney disease patients on dialysis.
  2. It combats the effects of dialysis on bone marrow.
  3. It promotes elimination of nephrotoxic drugs from the body.
  4. It enhances absorption of iron and folate in the intestinal tract.

[kardosa007]

Answer to Question 1

Correct Answer: 1
Hemodialysis uses the principles of diffusion and ultrafiltration to remove electrolytes, waste products, and excess water from the body. Blood is taken from the patient and pumped into the dialyzer, where a semipermeable membrane allows small molecules to pass through. Hemodialysis removes electrolytes and excess water from the body and works on the principles of diffusion and ultrafiltration.

Answer to Question 2

Correct Answer: 1
In chronic kidney disease, erythropoietin production in the kidney declines, which suppresses RBC production leading to anemia. Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents such as epoetin alfa increase RBC production. Iron and folate deficiencies are also seen in the patient on dialysis but these are related to inadequate nutrition. Epoetin alfa has no action on bone marrow, does not promote elimination of nephrotoxic drugs from the body, and does not affect absorption of iron or folate.