Which of the following describe(s) S1, the first heart sound? ...

[serike]

Which of the following describe(s) S1, the first heart sound? (Select all that apply.)
 
  a. It is associated with closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves.
  b. It is a high-pitched sound.
  c. It can be heard most clearly with the diaphragm of the stethoscope.
  d. The best listening point is in the aortic area.
  e. The split sound can best be detected in the tricuspid area.

Question 2

A patient has been on the medical floor for 1 week after a vaginal hysterectomy
 
  A urinary catheter was inserted. Complete blood cell count results have revealed escalating white blood cell counts. The patient is transferred to the critical care unit when her condition deteriorates. Septic shock is diagnosed. Which of the following is the pathophysiologic mechanism that results in septic shock?
 
  a. Bacterial toxins lead to vasodilation.
  b. Increased white blood cells are released to fight invading bacteria.
  c. Microorganisms invade organs such as the kidneys and heart.
  d. An increase of white blood cells leads to decreased red blood cell production and anemia.

[poopface]

Answer to Question 1

A, B, C, E
S1 is the sound associated with mitral and tricuspid valve closure and is heard most clearly in the mitral and tricuspid areas. S1 sounds are high pitched and heard best with the diaphragm of the stethoscope.

Answer to Question 2

A
The syndrome encompassing severe sepsis and septic shock is a complex systemic response that is initiated when a microorganism enters the body and stimulates the inflammatory or immune system. Shed protein fragments and the release of toxins and other substances from the microorganism activate the plasma enzyme cascades (complement, kinin and kallikrein, coagulation, and fibrinolytic factors), as well as platelets, neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages.