A 45-year-old man is in the clinic for a routine physical ...

[HCHenry]

A 45-year-old man is in the clinic for a routine physical examination. During the recording of his health history, the patient states that he has been having difficulty sleeping.
 
  I'll be sleeping great, and then I wake up and feel like I can't get my breath. The nurse's best response to this would be:
  a.
  When was your last electrocardiogram?
  b.
  It's probably because it's been so hot at night.
  c.
  Do you have any history of problems with your heart?
  d.
  Have you had a recent sinus infection or upper respiratory infection?

Question 2

In assessing a 70-year-old man, the nurse finds the following: blood pressure 140/100 mm Hg; heart rate 104 beats per minute and slightly irregular; and the split S2 heart sound. Which of these findings can be explained by expected hemodynamic changes rel
 
  a. Increase in resting heart rate
  b. Increase in systolic blood pressure
  c. Decrease in diastolic blood pressure
  d. Increase in diastolic blood pressure

[meow1234]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: C
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (shortness of breath generally occurring at night) occurs with heart failure. Lying down increases the volume of intrathoracic blood, and the weakened heart cannot accommodate the increased load. Classically, the person awakens after 2 hours of sleep, arises, and flings open a window with the perception of needing fresh air.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: B
With aging, an increase in systolic blood pressure occurs. No significant change in diastolic pressure and no change in the resting heart rate occur with aging. Cardiac output at rest is does not changed with aging.

[HCHenry]

Thank you

[meow1234]

Happy to help you