A nurse develops a dietary plan for a client with diabetes ...

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A nurse develops a dietary plan for a client with diabetes mellitus and new-onset microalbuminuria. Which component of the client's diet should the nurse decrease?
 
  a. Carbohydrates
  b. Proteins
  c. Fats
  d. Total calories

Question 2

A nurse assesses a client with diabetes mellitus. Which clinical manifestation should alert the nurse to decreased kidney function in this client?
 
  a. Urine specific gravity of 1.033
  b. Presence of protein in the urine
  c. Elevated capillary blood glucose level
  d. Presence of ketone bodies in the urine

[Mollythedog]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: B
Restriction of dietary protein to 0.8 g/kg of body weight per day is recommended for clients with microalbuminuria to delay progression to renal failure. The client's diet does not need to be decreased in carbohydrates, fats, or total calories.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: B
Renal dysfunction often occurs in the client with diabetes. Proteinuria is a result of renal dysfunction. Specific gravity is elevated with dehydration. Elevated capillary blood glucose levels and ketones in the urine are consistent with diabetes mellitus but are not specific to renal function.