A nurse assesses a client with a neurologic disorder. Which ...

[panfilo]

A nurse assesses a client with a neurologic disorder. Which assessment finding should the nurse identify as a late manifestation of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)?
 
  a. Dysarthria
  b. Dysphagia
  c. Muscle weakness
  d. Impairment of respiratory muscles

Question 2

A nurse is teaching a client with multiple sclerosis who is prescribed cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) and methylprednisolone (Medrol). Which statement should the nurse include in this client's discharge teaching?
 
  a. Take warm baths to promote muscle relaxation.
  b. Avoid crowds and people with colds.
  c. Relying on a walker will weaken your gait.
  d. Take prescribed medications when symptoms occur.

[FergA]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: D
In ALS, progressive muscle atrophy occurs until a flaccid quadriplegia develops. Eventually, the respiratory muscles are involved, which leads to respiratory compromise. Dysarthria, dysphagia, and muscle weakness are early clinical manifestations of ALS.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: B
The client should be taught to avoid people with any type of upper respiratory illness because these medications are immunosuppressive. Warm baths will exacerbate the client's symptoms. Assistive devices may be required for safe ambulation. Medication should be taken at all times and should not be stopped.