Answer to Question 1
In epispadias the opening of the urethra is on the dorsum of the penis, and in hypospadias the opening for the urethra is on the underside of the penis.
Answer to Question 2
Type 1 is an autoimmune disease and results from the body's failure to produce insulin. An individual with this type of diabetes will need to take insulin each day for the rest of his or her life. It develops most often in children and young adults, but can appear at any age. If not diagnosed and treated with insulin, a person with type 1 diabetes can lapse into a life-threatening diabetic coma or diabetic ketoacidosis.
Type 2 diabetes used to be known as noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, NIDDM, or adult-onset diabetes. The most common type of diabetes, it results from a combination of defective insulin secretion and defective responsiveness to insulin. Type 2 diabetes used to be rare in children, but with the increase in obesity in children, doctors are now finding that as many as 1 out of 20 children who have diabetes has type 2 diabetes.
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