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In most cases, kidneys can recover from almost complete loss of function, such as in acute kidney (renal) failure.
The first-known contraceptive was crocodile dung, used in Egypt in 2000 BC. Condoms were also reportedly used, made of animal bladders or intestines.
Many of the drugs used by neuroscientists are derived from toxic plants and venomous animals (such as snakes, spiders, snails, and puffer fish).
Barbituric acid, the base material of barbiturates, was first synthesized in 1863 by Adolph von Bayer. His company later went on to synthesize aspirin for the first time, and Bayer aspirin is still a popular brand today.
Although not all of the following muscle groups are commonly used, intramuscular injections may be given into the abdominals, biceps, calves, deltoids, gluteals, laterals, pectorals, quadriceps, trapezoids, and triceps.
![Urinometer. In this procedure, a urine sample and urinometer are placed within a tube, and the liqui](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/47/medium_14755_05_10_12_4_17_11_92921634.jpeg)
![Lumbar puncture. Abbreviated LP, the lumbar puncture is a common procedure that withdraws cerebrospi](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/47/medium_14755_14_10_12_6_49_35_94142278.jpeg)