Which of the following approaches will work best then the nurse ...

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Which of the following approaches will work best then the nurse is communicating with an infant?
 
  a. Communicate through the caregivers.
  b. Allow the child time to warm up to the nurse.
  c. Respond only after the child cries for a little while.
  d. Use an adult voice just as you would for anyone.

Question 2

The nurse administering mannitol (Osmitrol) must observe closely for a rebound effect of the intracranial pressure. If there is a rebound effect with mannitol, which of the following courses of action does the nurse need to take?
 
  a. Call neurosurgery at once.
  b. Leave a message for the physician at his or her office.
  c. Write a nursing order for vital signs every 4 hours.
  d. Start an intravenous infusion of Ringer's lactate.

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Answer to Question 1

B

Feedback
A Incorrect. Communication principles based on developmental level suggests the best outcome for communicating with an infant will not depend upon communicating through the caregivers, instead requires talking to the infant directly.
B Correct. Communication principles based on developmental level suggests the best outcome for communicating with an infant will depend upon allowing the infant time to warm up to the nurse.
C Incorrect. Communication principles based on developmental level suggests the best outcome for communicating with an infant will not depend upon responding only after the child cries for a little while, instead requires responding to the infant's cries in a timely manner.
D Incorrect. Communication principles based on developmental level suggests the best outcome for communicating with an infant will not depend upon using an adult voice just as you would for anyone, use motherese, and a soothing and calm voice.

Answer to Question 2

A

Feedback
A Correct. In some children there may be a rebound effect with mannitol as it may increase cerebral blood flow. If this occurs, the signs of ICP will reappear with more intensity than originally noted. The nurse should call neurosurgery at once so other modalities to control the pressure can be initiated.
B Incorrect. The nurse should not leave a message for the physician at his or her office because increased ICP must be treated immediately.
C Incorrect. The nurse should not write a nursing order for vital signs every 4 hours.
D Incorrect. The nurse should not start an intravenous infusion of Ringer's lactate.