Answer to Question 1
B
Feedback:
An anesthetic agent placed inside the ligamentum flavum in the epidural space is epidural anesthesia. An epidural is placed in the space at the L4L5, L3L4, or L2L3 areas to block the spinal nerve roots in the space and the sympathetic nerve fibers that travel with them. The nurse should not minimize the spouse's concern because the nurse has never read or heard of this occurring. An injury can occur with any invasive procedure.
Answer to Question 2
A, D, E
Feedback:
Nurses can help the nation achieve the 2020 National Health Goals regarding pain relief during labor by educating women about the advantages of preparing for childbirth and helping them to use breathing patterns or other complementary and alternative therapies and techniques during labor so they need a minimum of analgesia and anesthesia. These goals would not be achieved by discussing the use of epidural or spinal anesthesia or by reviewing the various opioid analgesics available for use during labor.
The liver in this photograph was from a deceased patient with an advanced state of cirrhosis.
Fundus of white pateint and black patient
Antibodies in myasthenia gravis block the acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction
After multiple injections of a local anesthetic, the patient developed herpetic lesions.
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