Congenital disorders refer to those conditions that are present ...

[Charlie]

Congenital disorders refer to those conditions that are present at birth. These disorders may be inherited and caused by environmental factors or maternal malnutrition.
 
  Toxic exposures have the greatest effect on development between 15 and 60 days of gestation. For the nurse to be able to conduct a complete assessment of the newly pregnant client, she should be knowledgeable regarding known human teratogens, which include (select all that apply) a. Infections
  b. Radiation
  c. Maternal conditions
  d. Drugs
  e. Chemicals

Question 2

Which symptom is the laboring client with a fetus in persistent occiput posterior position most likely to exhibit?
 
  a. Perineal pressure c. Rectal pressure
  b. Nausea and vomiting d. Low back pain

[snackralk]

Answer to Question 1

A, B, C, D
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Correct Exposure to radiation and a number of infections may result in profound
congenital deformities. These include varicella, rubella, syphilis,
parvovirus, CMV, and toxoplasmosis. Certain maternal conditions such as
diabetes and PKU may also affect organs and other parts of the embryo
during this developmental period. Drugs such as antiseizure medication
and some antibiotics, as well as chemicals including lead, mercury,
tobacco, and alcohol, also may result in structural and functional
abnormalities.
Incorrect Coffee is not considered a teratogen.

Answer to Question 2

D
Maternal back pain is common in occiput posterior presentations.

[Charlie]

Excellent

[coreycathey]

Gracias!