Answer to Question 1
B
Retinopathy of prematurity can best be prevented by careful monitoring of oxygen administration. The major cause of retinopathy of prematurity is administration of high and prolonged levels of oxygen. Hypoxia is not a cause of retinopathy. Covering the eyes during phototherapy will prevent damage to the eyes, but phototherapy is not the major cause of retinopathy of prematurity. An oxygen saturation of 100 percent is not necessary as long as the saturation remains within defined limits. Maintaining the oxygen saturation at 100 percent probably involves the indiscriminate use of oxygen, which is the cause of retinopathy of prematurity.
Answer to Question 2
B
The nurse would document late decelerations in two out of three uterine contractions as positive. Negative indicates no late decelerations, with three adequate uterine contractions in a 10-minute period. Unsatisfactory indicates inadequate fetal heart rate recording or less than three uterine contractions in a 10-minute period. Suspicious indicates late decelerations in fewer than half of the uterine contractions.
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