Which is a characteristic of the fetus at 20 weeks' gestation? ...

[formula1]

Which is a characteristic of the fetus at 20 weeks' gestation?
 
  a. Surfactant levels are sufficient for the fetus to sustain life outside of the uterus.
  b. Vernix caseosa covers the entire body of the fetus.
  c. Brain development of the fetus is complete.
  d. The fetus responds to sounds outside of the mother's body.

Question 2

The condition of a low-birth-weight infant suddenly deteriorates with a subsequent decrease in oxygen saturation and hypotension. The anterior fontanel of the infant is bulging. The nurse is alerted to which complication?
 
  a. Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
  b. Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH)
  c. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)
  d. Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL)

[ally]

Answer to Question 1

B
At 20 weeks, vernix caseosa covers the entire body of the fetus. At 24 weeks, alveoli are present in the lungs and surfactant is just beginning to be produced. Rapid brain growth occurs between 17 and 19 weeks, but the brain continues to grow after that. Sounds outside the mother's body are still quite muffled at this point.

Answer to Question 2

B
When a low-birth-weight infant suddenly deteriorates with a subsequent decrease in oxygen saturation, hypotension, and a bulging anterior fontanel, this is indicative of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is not usually a sudden deterioration of condition. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) do not usually manifest as a sudden deterioration.