Regarding the estimation and interpretation of the recurrence of ...

[anshika]

Regarding the estimation and interpretation of the recurrence of risks for genetic disorders, nurses should be aware that:
 
  a. With a dominant disorder, the likelihood of the second child also having the condition is 100.
  b. An autosomal recessive disease carries a one in eight risk of the second child also having the disorder.
  c. Disorders involving maternal ingestion of drugs carry a one in four chance of being repeated in the second child.
  d. The risk factor remains the same no matter how many affected children are already in the family.

Question 2

The student nurse notices that the newborn seems to focus on his mother's eyes. The nursing instructor explains that this newborn behavior is:
 
  1. Habituation.
  2. Orientation.
  3. Self-quieting.
  4. Due to sleep-alert states.

[helenmarkerine]

Answer to Question 1

D

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A In a dominant disorder, the likelihood of recurrence in subsequent children is 50 (one in two).
B An autosomal recessive disease carries a one in four chance of recurrence.
C Subsequent children would be at risk only if the mother continued to take drugs; the rate of risk would be difficult to calculate.
D Each pregnancy is an independent event. The risk factor (e.g., one in two, one in four) remains the same for each child, no matter how many children are born to the family.

Answer to Question 2

2
Rationale:
1. Habituation is the newborn's ability to process and respond to visual and auditory stimulation.
2. Orientation is the newborn's ability to be alert to, follow, and fixate on complex visual stimuli that are appealing and attractive, such as a mother's eyes.
3. Self-quieting ability is the newborn's ability to quiet and comfort himself by sucking on his fist.
4. Sleep-alert state is not responsible for this behavior.