Answer to Question 1
A
Response:
A 4-year-old child should lie on his or her left side with the right leg flexed toward the chest. An infant or toddler is positioned on the abdomen. A toddler or preschooler should receive approximately 250 to 500 mL of enema solution and retain the enema for 5 to 10 minutes. The caregiver should wash his or her hands and then apply gloves.
Answer to Question 2
A
Response:
If conventional measures are ineffective, then the nurse would need to prepare the newborn for ECMO. Hyperoxygenation, ventilatory support, and suctioning are typically used initially to promote tissue perfusion. If these are ineffective, then ECMO would be the next step.