Author Question: An infant is brought to the emergency department with poor skin turgor, weight loss, lethargy, and ... (Read 114 times)

tiffannnnyyyyyy · **on:** Jun 28, 2018

An infant is brought to the emergency department with poor skin turgor, weight loss, lethargy, and tachycardia. This is suggestive of:

a. Overhydration. c. Sodium excess.
b. Dehydration. d. Calcium excess.

Question 2

Which type of dehydration results from water loss in excess of electrolyte loss?

a. Isotonic dehydration c. Hypotonic dehydration
b. Isosmotic dehydration d. Hypertonic dehydration

SeanoH09 · **Reply #1 on:** Jun 28, 2018

Answer to Question 1

ANS: B
These clinical manifestations indicate dehydration. Symptoms of overhydration are edema and weight gain. Regardless of extracellular sodium levels, total body sodium is usually depleted in dehydration. Symptoms of hypocalcemia are a result of neuromuscular irritability and manifest as jitteriness, tetany, tremors, and muscle twitching.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: D
Hypertonic dehydration results from water loss in excess of electrolyte loss. This is the most dangerous type of dehydration. It is caused by feeding children fluids with high amounts of solute. Isotonic dehydration occurs in conditions in which electrolyte and water deficits are present in balanced proportion. Isosmotic dehydration is another term for isotonic dehydration. Hypotonic dehydration occurs when the electrolyte deficit exceeds the water deficit, leaving the serum hypotonic.