According to Kohlberg, children develop moral reasoning as they ...

[sabina]

According to Kohlberg, children develop moral reasoning as they mature. What is most characteristic of a preschooler's stage of moral development?
 
  a. Obeying the rules of correct behavior is important.
  b. Showing respect for authority is important behavior.
  c. Behavior that pleases others is considered good.
  d. Actions are determined as good or bad in terms of their consequences.

Question 2

A mother reports that her 6-year-old child is highly active and irritable and that she has irregular habits and adapts slowly to new routines, people, or situations.
 
  According to Chess and Thomas, which category of temperament best describes this child?
  a. Easy child c. Slow-to-warm-up child
  b. Difficult child d. Fast-to-warm-up child

[kswal303]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: D
Preschoolers are most likely to exhibit characteristics of Kohlberg's preconventional level of moral development. During this stage they are culturally oriented to labels of good or bad, right or wrong. Children integrate these concepts based on the physical or pleasurable consequences of their actions. Obeying rules of correct behavior, showing respect for authority, and knowing that behavior that pleases others is considered good are characteristic of Kohlberg's conventional level of moral development.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: B
This is a description of difficult children, who compose about 10 of the population. Negative withdrawal responses are typical of this type of child, who requires a more structured environment. Mood expressions are usually intense and primarily negative. These children exhibit frequent periods of crying and often violent tantrums. Easy children are even tempered, regular, and predictable in their habits. They are open and adaptable to change. Approximately 40 of children fit this description. Slow-to-warm-up children typically react negatively and with mild intensity to new stimuli and adapt slowly with repeated contact. Approximately 10 of children fit this description. Fast-to-warm-up children is not one of the categories identified by Chess and Thomas.