A common effect of both smoking and cocaine use in the pregnant ...

[D2AR0N]

A common effect of both smoking and cocaine use in the pregnant woman is:
 
  a. Vasoconstriction c. Changes in insulin metabolism
  b. Increased appetite d. Increased metabolism

Question 2

Many pregnant teens wait until the second or third trimester to seek prenatal care. The nurse should understand that the reasons behind this delay include:
 
  a. Lack of realization that they are pregnant.
  b. Uncertainty as to where to go for care.
  c. Continuing to deny the pregnancy.
  d. A desire to gain control over their situation.
  e. Wanting to hide the pregnancy as long as possible.

[JCABRERA33]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: A
Both smoking and cocaine use cause vasoconstriction, which results in impaired placental blood flow to the fetus. Smoking and cocaine use decrease the appetite. Smoking and cocaine use do not change insulin metabolism. Smoking can increase metabolism.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: A, B, C, E
These are all valid reasons for the teen to delay seeking prenatal care. An adolescent often has little to no understanding of the increased physiologic needs that a pregnancy places on her body. Once care is sought, it is often sporadic, and many appointments are missed. The nurse should formulate a diagnosis that assists the pregnant teen to receive adequate prenatal care. Planning for her pregnancy and impending birth actually provides some sense of control for the teen and increases feelings of competency. Receiving praise from the nurse when she attends her prenatal appointments will reinforce the teen's positive self-image.