Answer to Question 1
Businesses with tall organizational structures have many management layers. These structures often exist in bureaucratic businesses or in businesses that operate with formal rules and regulations. Although they often exist in large complex companies, they also may be found in cultures with high power/distance measures. Businesses with flat organizational structures have fewer layers of management. These structures may be found in cultures that have lower levels of power/distance.
Answer to Question 2
Global leaders must have the ability to work and interact with individuals from multiple cultural backgrounds. They must be able to communicate internationally. Ideally, they should know at least one other language. They must be able to operate comfortably in a foreign cultural setting. Global leaders must be able to manage across cultures and understand how to motivate individuals from a variety of cultures to achieve the organization's goals.
Examples of structures in which extensive surface area is important for function.
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