A nation's monetary base changes when:
a. The central bank reduces the reserve requirement.
b. The federal government increases spending.
c. Central banks swap currencies with each other.
d. Funds cross our imaginary line.
e. All of the above.
Question 2
Assume that the government increases spending and finances the expenditures by borrowing in the domestic capital markets. If the nation has low mobility international capital markets and a flexible exchange rate system, what happens to the real risk-free interest rate and net nonreserve-related international borrowing/lending in the context of the Three-Sector-Model?
a. The real risk-free interest rate rises, and net nonreserve-related international borrowing/lending becomes more positive (or less negative).
b. The real risk-free interest rate falls, and net nonreserve-related international borrowing/lending becomes more negative (or less positive).
c. The real risk-free interest rate rises, and net nonreserve-related international borrowing/lending becomes more negative (or less positive).
d. The real risk-free interest rate and net nonreserve-related international borrowing/lending remain the same.
e. There is not enough information to determine what happens to these two macroeconomic variables.
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