The idea of interchangeable parts, which was an important aspect ...

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The idea of interchangeable parts, which was an important aspect of the American System of Manufacturing, is attributed by Hughes and Cain (2011) to
 
  (a) Henry Ford, who used it in the production of automobiles.
  (b) Adam Smith, who suggested it in his book The Wealth of Nations.
  (c) Thomas Jefferson, who used it in his nailery on his plantation.
  (d) Eli Whitney, who used it in the production of guns.

Question 2

Policy is conducted via a rule if policymakers
 
  a. use monetary and fiscal policy only when the political situation dictates it.
  b. set monetary and fiscal policy according to multiple but predetermined goals.
  c. a free to respond to unexpected changes in economic conditions.
  d. announce in advance how they will respond to changes in economic conditions.

[Expo]

Answer to Question 1

(d)

Answer to Question 2

D