Why is downsizing similar to pruning?
a. Both are responses to technological innovation.
b. Both are ways in which managers are asked to leave their companies.
c. Both are ways to reduce the span of control.
d. Both are ways to increase the staffing ratio.
e. Both leave the organization more vulnerable to its environment.
Question 2
In the short run, an immediate effect of downsizing is to
a. make organizations more vulnerable to their environment.
b. reduce the span of control for each manager.
c. increase the staffing ratio.
d. increase productivity by substituting capital for labor.
e. reduce the demand for managers.
Similar traits may not be homologous
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