Based on the study of sociologists Joe Feagin and Melvin Sykes, ...

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Based on the study of sociologists Joe Feagin and Melvin Sykes, why are whites less likely to hire African Americans?
 
  What will be an ideal response?

Question 2

Based on its 2003 ruling on the constitutionality of affirmative action, why did the Supreme Court disapprove of strict racial quotas in educational institutions and jobs?
 
  What will be an ideal response?

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Answer to Question 1

Many whites find the black urban culture of today alien and threatening. Because of this they are less likely to hire African Americans, particularly young males. Employers have other motivations for discriminating against African Americans in hiring. For example, an employer might believe that an African American employee will drive away white customers. This still occurs today when companies refuse to hire African Americans for highly visible positions, such as receptionist or salesperson, when customers are white.

Answer to Question 2

The Supreme Court ruled that race must be taken into account in an individualized and holistic way rather than in a mechanical way. But, it also declared that strict racial quotas would be mechanical, and therefore unconstitutional, as would be giving every school applicant or job applicant of a particular race a set number of points toward acceptance. On the other hand, considering a person's race along with a variety of other factorsthe weight or importance of each factor being assessed individually for each casewould be constitutional.

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