Answer to Question 1
Answer: C
Explanation: A) Incorrect. Empowerment is not merely giving power to someone. It is fostering a positive attitude about task accomplishment and self-efficacy.
B) Incorrect. It is true that self-efficacy is part of empowerment, but autonomy is also a key feature.
C) Correct. Empowerment is focused both on results and on the means (providing freedom to employees) of accomplishing those results.
D) Incorrect. Rather than being characterized by centralized decision making, empowerment gives individuals decision-making power. Centralized decision making actually reduces empowerment levels, which employees perceive.
Answer to Question 2
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Correct. Instability and unpredictability call for a more flexible, empowered workforce. The worker's flexibility must match the flexibility of the environment. These actions will help unlock the success potential of your employees.
B) Incorrect. Instability and unpredictability call for a more flexible, empowered workforce rather than a rigid management style. This is despite the tendency (threat-rigidity response) to retain power in the face of uncertainty and instability.
C) Incorrect. This approach does not go far enough to address the company's ability to survive the impending changes.
D) Incorrect. Reacting to problems is less effective than avoiding them in the first place.
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