Answer to Question 1
An important task of management, according to Peter Drucker, is managing the social responsibilities of the organization. His view is shared by many: A business does not exist by itself or as an end to itself. Every business ultimately exists for the sake of society. From the larger perspective of the economic system in which business operates in Western nations, the free-enterprise system cannot be justified on the basis that it is good for business. The only valid justification for free enterprise is that it is good for society.
Answer to Question 2
Maslow's hierarchy of needs hypothesized that within every human being there exists a hierarchy of five needs.
a) The physiological needs include hunger, thirst, shelter, sex, and other bodily needs.
b) Safety includes security and protection from physical and emotional harm.
c) Social includes affection, belongingness, acceptance, and friendship.
d) Esteem includes internal factors such as self-respect, autonomy, and achievement and external factors such as status, recognition, and attention.
e) Self-actualization is the drive to become what one is capable of becoming and it includes growth, achieving one's potential, and self-fulfillment.
As each of these needs becomes substantially satisfied, the next need becomes dominant. So, according to Maslow, if you want to motivate someone, you need to understand what level of the hierarchy that person is currently on and focus on satisfying those needs at or above that level.